Improved performance: Caching reduces latency and speeds up data retrieval, resulting in faster loading times for web pages and applications.

Bandwidth savings: Caching reduces the amount of data transferred over the network, leading to lower bandwidth usage and cost savings, especially for content-heavy websites.

Enhanced scalability: Caching helps distribute the load on servers by serving cached content to multiple users simultaneously, improving scalability and resource utilization.

Offline access: Cached data can be accessed even when the user is offline or experiencing network issues, providing uninterrupted access to content.

Stale data: Cached data may become outdated if it is not regularly updated or expired, leading to inconsistencies or inaccuracies in content.

Resource consumption: Caching requires additional storage space and computational resources, which may impact system performance and scalability, particularly for large-scale deployments.

Cache invalidation: Managing cache expiration and invalidation can be complex, especially in distributed environments, leading to potential issues with data consistency and integrity.

Privacy concerns: Cached data, especially sensitive or personal information, may pose privacy risks if not adequately protected or managed, potentially exposing users to security threats or breaches.